Gcse chemistry revision questions fossil fuels crude. The starter is a data analysis activity that links in to the leaning objective. The fractional distillation of crude oil is a key industrial process, as it produces compounds such as methane, bitumen and gasoline the fractional distillation of crude oil edit. In addition to this you will need to know about functional groups such as alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters and how to draw their structures. The production of crude oil is vital to the global economy, as so much of modern society depends on the use of crude oil. In catalytic cracking long chain alkanes are converted into. Fractional distillation separates a mixture into a number of different parts. Hydrocarbons from oil a2levellevelrevision, chemistry. Two methods of cracking how to write a balanced equation for cracking what an alkene is, and how they differ. Sinclair oil apparently wished to suggest that the patent of burton and humphreys, in use by standard oil, was derived from shukhovs patent for oil cracking, as described in the russian patent. Crude oil is a dark smelly liquid which is a mixture of many different hydrocarbons.
Cracking alkanes thermal and catalytic a brief description of the difference between thermal and catalytic cracking of alkanes. Give a description of how crude oil is formed and where it is found. Starts with recall of naming simple alkanes and then goes onto develop understanding of alkenes and how they are formed from the cracking process. Learn about crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes with bitesize gcse chemistry aqa. Some can be used for bitumen used to make tar for roads, but there is more residue than we really want. In this video, we look at how cracking is used to convert longchain. Cracking hydrocarbons edexcel gcse chemistry revision notes. Cracking and alkenes crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes. Cracking is the most important process for the commercial production of gasoline and diesel fuel. Cracking is used to convert long alkanes into shorter, more useful hydrocarbons.
Where longer chain hydrocarbons can be broken down into shorter chain hydrocarbons by cracking. Learn the basics about the cracking of hydrocarbons and why it is done. Crude oil forms a major part of the chemistry section in gcse science. One family of hydrocarbons produced from crude oil is called the alkanes. Why is it that organisms on earth have evolved to be organic chemistry teaching resources read more. The vapour is then passed over a powdered catalyst at a temp of about 400700c. Students should be able to describe in general terms the conditions used for catalytic cracking and steam cracking. For this reason, we tend to break up the longer chains into lots of smaller chains. What is the name given to the molecules that are found in crude oil.
The uses of a fraction is related to its physical properties e. This is the fifth of six quizzes on that topic and it looks specifically at two methods of processing crude oil cracking and fractioning. Furthermore, it should be treated in order to obtain highly effective end products. The majority of our fuels and plastics are derived from oil. Without any cracking units, a refinery would produce those percentages. Cracking and alkenes crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes aqa. May 16, 2017 a fully resourced lesson with assessment on the cracking of crude oil. The first stages in the processing of crude oil are described below. Alkenes are unsaturated which means they contain a carboncarbon double bond. Have a go at this aqa syllabus a quiz and revise what youve learned in class.
Gcse crude oil revise processing by cracking and fracking. Revise what you learned in year 10 and year 11 in this exciting quiz. There are two good economic reasons for cracking oil fractions i there isnt enough of fuels like petrol or diesel in the original crude oil and ii alkenes are not found in oil, so must be manufactured from oil. Past paper questions crude oil, fractional distillation. Gcse crude oil revise the thermal cracking reaction. Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons formed from the remains of simple marine organisms over millions of years. These hydrocarbons are separated by their boiling points, each of these sections. This aqa syllabus a quiz will help you revise what they involve. Cracking is done by heating some of the less used fractions to a high temperature vapour and passing over a suitable hot catalyst at high pressure. Fractional distillation of crude oil oil and cracking. Written by teachers for the edexcel igcse chemistry course. Some of the large hydrocarbons the heavier fractions are broken down into more useful smaller hydrocarbons lighter fractions by a process. The products of cracking include shorter alkanes and unsaturated hydrocarbons called alkenes. Although, many candidates and teachers refer to this as the 6mark question, as it is usually awarded 6 marks.
Gcse chemistry hydrocarbons, combustion flashcards quizlet. Gcse crude oil uses other than a source of fuel revision. In this video fran scott explains how we turn crude oil into more useful products. Year 10 and year 11 students look at its makeup and the issues surrounding it, as well as its uses other than as a source of fuel e. The uses of the fuel gas, lpg, refinery gas, gasoline, petrol, naphtha, paraffin, kerosene, diesel oil, gas oil, fuel oil, lubricating oils, wax and bitumen fractions are tabulated. Feb 08, 2020 gcse lesson on the uses of crude oil and naming alkanes. You can find instructions for this experiment at resourceres00000681crackinghydrocarbons liquid paraffin. After the fractional distillation of crude oil there are too many large hydrocarbons and not enough small hydrocarbons to meet the publics demand. Since crude oil is a mixture of different components, it should be processed to obtain a better product that has no impurities. Curated videos for c9 crude oil and fuels for those taking the aqa gcse trilogy or the aqa gcse separate science route. Useful products from crude oil crude oil is a fossil fuel, formed from the decay of sea creatures over millions of years. In every aqa gcse chemistry exam, candidates are expected to provide at least one longstyle written answer. Worksheets and lesson ideas to challenge students to think hard about crude oil, alkanes and alkenes gcse and key stage 3 the chemistry of carbon compounds is an exciting one.
Jan 24, 2018 a typical light sweet crude will produce about 60% light products lpg, gasoline, jet fuel, diesel and 40% heavy fuel oil. Bromine water can be used to test for the presence of unsaturated molecules. Organic chemistry now forms a substantial part of the gcse specifications. Products from oil self assessment mark scheme file. Short chain hydrocarbons are more flammable and make very good and useful fuels. What is the cracking of hydrocarbons after the fractional distillation of crude oil there are too many large hydrocarbons and not enough small hydrocarbons to meet the publics demand. The products of cracking include alkanes and another type of hydrocarbon called alkenes. Before crude oil can be used as fuel or converted into polymers, it has to be processed. If the answer you have written is not right, change it. Crude oil cannot be used directly but it is the source of many useful products. Sep 11, 2017 crude oil is a major source of hydrocarbons that is used to produce fuels. Cracking means splitting up longchain hydrocarbons by passing vapour over a hot catalyst. Gcse science chemistry 91 fractional distillation of crude oil.
Jono goes organic and talks about crude oil for your gcse exam. Two methods of cracking how to write a balanced equation for cracking what an alkene is, and how they differ from an alkane the test for alkenes the. Cracking crude oil and alkenes gcse triple award revision. Gcse chemistry products from oil high demand questions questionsheet 1 a crude oil is the raw material of the petrochemical industry.
Hydrocarbons and crude oil gcse chemistry combined. The fractional distillation of crude oil is a key industrial process, as it produces compounds such as methane, bitumen and gasoline. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Therefore, distillation is a feasible separation technique. Cracking hydrocarbons in liquid paraffin with a catalyst. Difference between fractional distillation and cracking. Global importance of crude oil oil and cracking gcse. Crude oil is an essential resource at the moment for the production of many fuels, lubricating oils and bitumen for road surfaces. Crude oil and hydrocarbons crude oil, hydrocarbons and.
Petrol and other fuels are produced from it using fractional distillation. This is officially known as the question assessing quality of written communication qwc. Organic chemistry teaching resources the science teacher. Petrol and other fuels are produced from it using fractional distillation and cracking. In this episode, he will look at how crude oil forms, what its made from, and how its used. Some of the large hydrocarbons the heavier fractions are broken down into more useful smaller hydrocarbons lighter fractions by a process known as cracking.
Aug 12, 20 learn the basics about the cracking of hydrocarbons and why it is done. Although the crude oil enters the fractionating column as a vapour or a gas, many of the fractions are collected as liquids. Leads onto a lesson on cracking and allows afl for students to be able to name alkanes by carbon number. Products from crude oil crude oil is described as a fossil fuel but it is much more important than that as many plastics have crude oil as a raw material. These are obtained by crude oil via fractional distillation and classified into two different groups. As part of their work on crude oil, gcse chemistry students will look at thermal cracking. The best way to remember the information in this chapter is to get a pen and paper and write down your answers before clicking on the answer link which will take you to the correct page you may have to read through some of the page before you find the answer.
Fractional distillation a secondary school revision resource for ocr gcse science about carbon chemistry and making crude oil useful. The fractional distillation of crude oil fractional distillation separates crude oil into more useful hydrocarbons. A fully resourced lesson with assessment on the cracking of crude oil. Gcse chemistry revision organic chemistry crude oil.
Fractional distillation separates crude oil into more useful hydrocarbons. Start studying edexcel international gcse chemistry. You need to know about alkanes, alkenes, crude oil and the process of cracking. Start studying gcse chemistry hydrocarbons, combustion. In this video, we look at how cracking is used to convert longchain hydrocarbons into shorterchain hydrocarbons. Gcse chemistry crude oil by revise a level and gcse.
Making crude oil usefulfractional distillation and cracking. Leads onto a lesson on cracking and allows afl for students to be able to name alkanes by carbon n. Crude oil can be separated into different fractions using fractional distillation. What are some of the products of cracking useful for. Liquid paraffin a mixture of alkanes of chain length c20 and greater is vaporised and passed over a hot pumice stone catalyst. Gcse lesson on the uses of crude oil and naming alkanes. State what must be done to the crude oil before it enters the fractionating column. To better understand fractional distillation of crude oil, lets first examine a simple distillation process. Either way, it means the vast majority of crude oil can be turned into useful products.
Hydrocarbons and crude oil gcse chemistry combined science. If that could be established, it could strengthen the hand of rival american companies wishing to invalidate the burtonhumphreys patent. It is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, containing mainly alkanes. Explain how cracking involves the breaking down of larger, saturated. The complete series covers the aqa gcse 91 chemistry 8462 and combined science trilogy 8464 specifications for chemistry. Fractional distillation and cracking are two such methods. Qwc 6 mark answer practice secondary science 4 all.
Cracking of hydrocarbons is covered before pupils are asked questions on the reasons for the process and how it is carried out. Q810 refer to the process of catalytic cracking of the long chain fractions from crude oil. Resources chemistry gcse aqa unit 8 crude oil and fuels. Cracking is the name for a thermal decomposition processes. Fractional distillation of crude oil refining uses of. It is the remains of plantsanimalsfossils produced over millions of years 1 mark. Choose from 500 different sets of igcse chemistry crude oil flashcards on quizlet. The longchain hydrocarbon is heated to vapourise it.
A it is a mixture of 1 mark different length hydrocarbons 1 mark. Learn igcse chemistry crude oil with free interactive flashcards. In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or longchain. Cracking, in petroleum refining, the process by which heavy hydrocarbon molecules are broken up into lighter molecules by means of heat and usually pressure and sometimes catalysts. Home gcse study tools chemistry cracking crude oil. The general formula for the homologous series of alkenes is cnh2n. We also look at alkenes and how we test for alkenes using bromine water. New91 aqa gcse chemistry c9 crude oil and fules kerboodle.
Crude oil is a major source of hydrocarbons that is used to produce fuels. Year 10 and year 11 students of gcse science need to understand how this is done. See current entries and add your own how and why to enter grow your grades. Fractional distillation of crude oil gcse secondary. Crude oil, or petroleum is a mixture of different hydrocarbons. The unit then moves onto the alkenes as a different homologous series from the alkanes, together with a consideration of the cracking process. Gcse chemistry what is the cracking of hydrocarbons.
The best way to remember the information in this chapter is to get a pen and paper and write down your answers. Crude oil and other fuels is one area studied in gcse science. Most important useful chemicals,polymers and fuels are obtained from crude oil. Cracking oil and cracking gcse chemistry single science.